在苹果栽培管理中，大量施用化肥对环境造成诸多负面影响，是当前亟待解决的

在苹果栽培管理中，大量施用化肥对环境造成诸多负面影响，是当前亟待解决的问题。包膜复合肥能提高肥料利用率，提高作物产量，减少环境污染。本研究旨在揭示一次施用包膜复合肥在降低总施肥量25%的目标下，提高苹果产量，改善苹果树生长、品质和土壤养分状况的潜力。在这里，我们用普通复合肥一次施用（B-CCF）和三次（CT）作为对照；在3月份一次性施用6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-C6）；在10月份一次性施用6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（H-C6）；3月一次性施用3个月和6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-（50C3+50C6））；3月一次性施用6个月和3个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-（70C3+30C6））。与B-CCT和CT处理相比，B-（50C3+50C6）处理的苹果产量分别提高了31.59%和8.82%；B-（70C3+30C6）处理提高了苹果的树干直径、株高、可溶性固糖含量和土壤氮磷含量；B-（50C3+50C6）处理提高了叶绿素含量和果肉硬度；B-C6处理后，新梢生长、单果重、酸度和土壤含钾量均有明显改善。根据以上结果，可以认为包膜复混肥可以减少总施肥量，提高苹果产量。同时，如何在苹果生产中应用包膜复混肥，实现效益最大化，值得进一步研究。

在苹果栽培管理中，大量施用化肥对环境造成诸多负面影响，是当前亟待解决的问题。 包膜复合肥能提高肥料利用率，提高作物产量，减少环境污染。 本研究旨在揭示一次施用包膜复合肥在降低总施肥量25%的目标下，提高苹果产量，改善苹果树生长、品质和土壤养分状况的潜力。 在这里，我们用普通复合肥一次施用（B-CCF）和三次（CT）作为对照；在3月份一次性施用6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-C6）；在10月份一次性施用6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（H-C6）；3月一次性施用3个月和6个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-（50C3+50C6））；3月一次性施用6个月和3个月释放期的包膜复合肥（B-（70C3+ 30C6））。 与B-CCT和CT处理相比，B-（50C3+50C6）处理的苹果产量分别提高了31.59%和8.82%；B-（70C3+30C6）处理提高了苹果的树干直径、株高、可溶性固糖含量和土壤氮磷含量；B-（50C3+50C6）处理提高了叶绿素含量和果肉硬度；B-C6处理后，新梢生长、单果重、酸度和土壤含钾量均有明显改善。 根据以上结果，可以认为包膜复混肥可以减少总施肥量，提高苹果产量。 同时，如何在苹果生产中应用包膜复混肥，实现效益最大化，值得进一步研究。

In apple cultivation and management, a large amount of chemical fertilizer has a lot of negative effects on the environment, which is an urgent problem to be solved. Coated compound fertilizer can improve fertilizer utilization rate, increase crop yield and reduce environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to reveal the potential of one-time application of coated compound fertilizer to increase apple yield, improve apple tree growth, quality and soil nutrient status under the goal of reducing the total fertilizer amount by 25%. In this paper, we used one-time application of common compound fertilizer (b-ccf) and three times (CT) as control; one-time application of coated compound fertilizer (b-c6) with six-month release period in March; one-time application of coated compound fertilizer (h-c6) with six-month release period in October; one-time application of three-month and six-month release period coated compound fertilizer (B - (50c3 + 50c6)) in March and six-month release period in March Coated compound fertilizer (B - (70c3 + 30c6)) with 3-month release period. Compared with b-cct and CT treatment, B - (50c3 + 50c6) treatment increased apple yield by 31.59% and 8.82%, respectively; B - (70c3 + 30c6) treatment increased Apple stem diameter, plant height, soluble solid sugar content and soil nitrogen and phosphorus content; B - (50c3 + 50c6) treatment increased chlorophyll content and pulp hardness; b-c6 treatment improved shoot growth, single fruit weight, acidity and soil potassium content Significant improvement. According to the above results, it can be concluded that the coated compound fertilizer can reduce the total fertilizer amount and increase the apple yield. At the same time, how to apply coated compound fertilizer in apple production to maximize the benefit is worthy of further study.<br>