Output power Response speedStabilityFill factor Sufficient to provide maximum EUT output power and other levels specified by test conditions of Table 5. The response time of a simulator to a step in output voltage, due to a 5 % load change, should result in a settling of the output current to within 10 % of its final value in less than 1 ms.Excluding the variations caused by the EUT MPPT, simulator output power should remain stable within 2 % of specified power level over the duration of the test: from the point where load balance is achieved until the island condition is cleared or the allowable run-on time is exceededFor the purposes of this standard, it is assumed that there is no influence of cell technology on islanding detection. Response speed is indicated to avoid the influence caused by the MPPT control system, the ripple frequency on the DC side of a EUT, or the active methods of anti-islanding. Fill factor = (Vmp × Imp)/(Voc × Isc), where Vmp and Imp are the maximum power point voltage and current, respectively, Voc is the open circuit voltage, and Isc is the short circuit current. It should be maintained at one value for all test conditions