RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSubstrate ana

結果與討論<br>底物分析。總碳，總氮，碳/氮比，pH，EC和礦物質含量是菌絲體定殖和子實體發育的重要因素。確定底物的化學和營養成分非常重要，尤其是用於<br>商業目的的底物[21]。在這項研究中使用的底物配方之間，化學和營養成分特性存在顯著差異（表1和2）。<br>對於總C，該參數的值在底物配方100％SB（55％）中最高，而（表1.實驗底物配方的化學性質，表2在100％CC中最低的實驗底物配方的礦物質含量） （39.98％）。底物配方100％SB顯示最高總N（1.20％），而100％SD（對照底物），80％SD + 20％CC，80％SD + 20％SB顯示最低總N（0.86％，0.88％，和0.95％）。隨著底物配方中SD的減少，N含量逐漸增加（表1）。在實驗中，底物配方的C / N比從34.57到51.71顯著變化，並且在對照底物配方中獲得了最高值。底物的pH值範圍為6.7至6.93，適用於牡蠣蘑菇栽培。從100％SD獲得最高pH值，80％SD + 20％CC，80％SD + 20％SB（分別為6.93、6.91和6.88）。EC值顯著<br>基材配方之間的變化範圍為2.88至4.20（mS / cm）。在含有100％SB（4.20 mS / cm）的基材上記錄到最高的EC值。當底物配方中的CC和SB增加時，與含<br>100％SD的底物相比，底物的C / N比和pH值降低；本研究中使用的底物配方的主要礦物質含量（Ca，Cu，Fe，K，Mg，Mn，P和Zn）差異很大（表2）。Sales-Campos等。[22]在他們的研究中證實，這些元素天然存在於<br>用於製備培養基質的所有原材料中。與CC或SB含量分別為50％和100％的底物配方相比，礦物質含量豐富<br>含有100％SD的基材（鐵，銅，鋅和錳除外）。在底物配方中，100％SB包含最大量的Ca（521.28 mg / 100 g）。含100％CC的底物的Ca含量次高，與含50％SB和50％CC的底物的Ca含量無顯著差異。通常，所有底物配方中的銅和鋅含量均較低。底物配方中的鐵含量範圍為53.47至65.89（mg / 100 g），在底物100％CC（65.89 mg / 100 g）時獲得最高值。底物100％SB和100％CC的K值也最高（2,673.79和2,457.49 mg / 100 g），Mn（8.02和8.31 mg / 100 g）和P（221.90和217.42 mg / 100 g）分別最高。當在基質配方中用SB或CC逐漸取代SD時，觀察到礦物質含量的增加趨勢。

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION<br>Substrate analysis. Total C, total N, C/N ratio, pH, EC,and mineral content are very important factors for mycelium colonized and development of fruiting bodies. It is very important to determine the chemical and nutrient composition of the substrates, especially those used for<br>commercial purposes [21]. There was a significant difference in chemical and nutritional composition properties among substrate formulas used in this study (Tables 1 and 2).<br>Regarding total C, the value of this parameter was the highest in substrate formula 100% SB (55%), and the(TABLE 1 . Chemical properties of experimental substrate formulas,TABLE 2 Mineral contents of experimental substrate formulas )lowest in 100% CC (39.98%). Substrate formula 100% SB showed the highest total N (1.20%) while 100% SD(control substrate), 80% SD + 20% CC, 80% SD + 20% SB showed the lowest total N (0.86%, 0.88%, and 0.95%,respectively). N content increased gradually with the decreasing amount of SD in substrate formula (Table 1). In the experiment, C/N ratio of substrate formulas significantly varied from 34.57 to 51.71 and the highest value was obtained in control substrate formula. The pH values of substrates ranged from 6.7 to 6.93, suitably for oyster mushroom cultivation. The highest pH values were obtained from 100% SD, 80% SD + 20% CC, 80% SD + 20% SB(6.93, 6.91, and 6.88, respectively). EC values significantly<br>changed among substrate formulas and ranged from 2.88 to 4.20 (mS/cm). The highest EC value was recorded at substrate containing 100% SB (4.20 mS/cm). When increasing CC and SB in substrate formulas, C/N ratio and pH value of substrates decreased when compared to substrate containing<br>100% SD; however, EC of substrate formulas increased.The main mineral content (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P,and Zn) of substrate formulas used in this study varied considerably (Table 2). Sales-Campos et al. [22] confirmed in their study that these elements are naturally present in<br>all the raw materials used for preparation of the cultivation substrate. Substrate formulas containing CC or SB at the rates 50% and 100% were rich in mineral content compared<br>to substrates containing 100% SD (except Fe, Cu Zn, and Mn). Among substrate formulas, 100% SB contained the maximum amount of Ca (521.28 mg/100 g). Ca content of substrate involving 100% CC was the second highest and not significantly different with Ca content of substrates containing 50% SB and 50% CC. In general, Cu and Zn contents of all substrate formulas were low. Fe content of substrate formula ranged from 53.47 to 65.89 (mg/100 g)and the highest value was obtained at substrate 100% CC(65.89 mg/100 g). Substrate 100% SB and 100% CC also gave the highest values of K (2,673.79 and 2,457.49 mg/100 g), Mn (8.02 and 8.31 mg/100 g), and P (221.90 and 217.42 mg/100 g), respectively. An increasing trend of mineral content was observed when SD was gradually replaced by SB or CC in substrate formulas.

结果和讨论<br>基质分析。全C、全N、C/N比、pH、EC和矿质含量是影响菌丝定殖和子实体发育的重要因素。确定基质的化学成分和营养成分是非常重要的，特别是那些用于<br>商业用途[21]。本研究中使用的基质配方在化学和营养成分特性方面存在显著差异（表1和表2）。<br>关于总C，该参数的值在基质配方100%SB（55%）和（表1）中最高。实验基质配方的化学性质，表2实验基质配方的矿物含量）最低为100%CC（39.98%）。基质配方100%SB的全N含量最高（1.20%），而100%SD（对照基质）、80%SD+20%CC、80%SD+20%SB的全N含量最低（分别为0.86%、0.88%和0.95%）。N含量随着底物配方中SD的减少而逐渐增加（表1）。实验中，基质配方的C/N比在34.57～51.71之间变化显著，对照基质配方的C/N比最高。培养基pH值在6.7～6.93之间，适宜于平菇的培养。最高pH值分别为100%SD、80%SD+20%CC、80%SD+20%SB（分别为6.93、6.91和6.88）。EC值显著<br>在基质配方中变化，范围从2.88到4.20（mS/cm）。在含100%SB（4.20ms/cm）的底物上，EC值最高。当基质配方中的C C和SB增加时，基质的C/N比和pH值均比含CC和SB的基质降低<br>100%标准偏差；然而，基质配方的EC增加。本研究中使用的基质配方的主要矿物含量（钙、铜、铁、钾、镁、锰、磷和锌）变化很大（表2）。Sales Campos等人。[22]在他们的研究中证实这些元素自然存在于<br>所有用于制备培养基的原料。含有50%和100%的CC或SB的基质配方富含矿物质<br>含100%SD的基板（铁、铜、锌和锰除外）。在基质配方中，100%锑含有最大量的钙（521.28 mg/100 g）。含100%CC底物的Ca含量次之，与含50%SB和50%CC底物的Ca含量无显著差异。总的来说，所有基质配方的铜和锌含量都很低。基质配方的铁含量在53.47-65.89（mg/100g）之间，在基质100%CC（65.89mg/100g）时达到最高值。底物100%SB和100%CC的K（2673.79和2457.49mg/100g）、Mn（8.02和8.31mg/100g）和P（221.90和217.42mg/100g）的值也最高。基质配方中SB或CC逐渐取代SD时，矿物含量呈增加趋势。<br>