GENERAL CONSIDERATIONSThe goals of

一般注意事项<br>急性胃肠炎的治疗目标包括预防脱水，发生脱水以及减轻症状的持续时间和减轻症状的严重性。12在很大程度上基于专家共识，有许多治疗急性胃肠炎的指南。建议根据指南而有所不同，尤其是关于口服补液溶液（ORS）的剂量。<br><br>指南中的建议是一致的，建议脱水儿童补充水分，更换持续的水分流失，在整个脱水过程中继续进行母乳喂养，并在初次脱水后开始适当年龄的饮食（不必避免使用乳制品）。指示住院原因为严重脱水，社交问题（即，照顾者遵循补液治疗指示或了解哪些症状需要回诊的能力），补液失败或疑似严重的替代诊断。基于证据的指南同意不应使用止泻药，但一些指南建议使用止吐的恩丹西酮（Zofran）作为提高口服补液成功率的一种选择。

一般注意事项<br>急性肠胃炎治疗的目标包括预防脱水、在发生时治疗脱水，以及减少症状的持续时间和严重程度。建议因指南而异，特别是关于口服补液（ORS）的剂量。<br><br>准则一致建议对脱水儿童进行补水，更换持续的液体损失，在整个补液过程中继续母乳喂养，并在初始补液后开始适合年龄的饮食（没有必要避免以牛奶为基础的产品）。入院时表示为严重脱水、社会问题（即担心护理人员是否能够遵循补液治疗指示或了解哪些症状需要回访）、补液失败或疑似严重替代诊断。循证指南同意不应使用抗糖尿病药物，但一些指南建议使用抗癫球剂丹西龙（Zofran）作为提高口服补液成功率的一种选择。

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONSThe goals of acute gastroenteritis treatment include preventing dehydration, treating dehydration when it occurs, and reducing duration and severity of symptoms.12 There are many guidelines for treating acute gastroenteritis, based largely on expert consensus. Recommendations vary among guidelines, particularly regarding dosages of oral rehydration solution (ORS).Guidelines are consistent in recommending that children with dehydration be rehydrated, that ongoing fluid losses be replaced, that breast-feeding continue throughout rehydration, and that an age-appropriate diet be started after initial rehydration (it is not necessary to avoid milk-based products). Hospital admission is indicated for severe dehydration, social concerns (i.e., concerns about caregiver ability to follow directions for rehydration therapy or to understand which symptoms warrant a return visit), failed rehydration, or suspected serious alternative diagnoses. Evidence-based guidelines agree that antidiarrheal medications should not be used, but some guidelines recommend the antiemetic ondansetron (Zofran) as an option to improve success rates of oral rehydration.22 Recent evidence suggests that clinical pathway tools/algorithms also help increase the use of oral rehydration and decrease the use of intravenous fluids and the length of emergency department stay.18,23<br>