Surprisingly, signifcant upregulation of the phosphorylation of STAT3 and SOCS3 was discovered in a study of diabetic mice treated with FGF21 . Many studies have also implicated FGF21 in the suppression of NF-kB/IkBa, pro-infammatory cytokines and ROS and subsequent translation into the suppression of infammation and hence amelioration of some chronic diseases .