In recent years, nanobubble technology has broadly attracted studies from medicine4, agriculture5, and environment6 specialists. Oxygen nanobubbles have been the subject of increasing attention due to the characteristics of high gas solubility and the long lifetime of retention of oxygen in liquid7. As opposed to microbubbles, the long-lived nano-scale bubbles can significantly increase oxygen concentration in water-based solutions without forming short-lived microbubbles8, making it possible to oxygenate blood using a limited small volume of IV injection without gas bubble formation. Medical oxygen gas can be easily made into nanobubble water/saline solutions using physical means, such as