So, what is the cognitive basis of imitative learning?The neurobiological basis of imitation learning:"A mirror neuron, found in the brains of primates, humans, and other species, is a specific kindof neuron that fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the action performedby another, in effect"mirroring"the behavior of the other"( Norbert, 2012). This neuronal cellwas first discovered in the late 20th century Rizzolatti et. al. (1996). studied the phenomenon ofthe macaque's brain activities when they face of eating behavior and part of the other actionbehavior such as Grab action, and a new set of neuronal tissues, in the F5 region of the macaquebrain, showed higher activity signal when the macaque observed a specific behavior(Rizzolatti, 1996). In the experiment, the researchers showed a group of foods to the macaquesand carried out a series of manipulations including the grasping and lifting in front of themacaques. It was also found that specific neurons in this group of neuronal cells exhibited higherresponses in the face of specific behaviors. For example, "holding neurons"show higher activitywhen researchers continue to hold food (Rizzolatti 1996). This may be related to the consistencyof macaque mimicking neurons. That is to say, the monkey activates the mirror neuron onlywhen it sees a specific action, and this part of the action mainly includes the movement of themouth and the hand (Whiten, 2013). In addition, subsequent studies have found that the mirrorneurons of macaques also produce discharges in the face of unfinished or hidden movements.(Umilta et. al., 2001). Among them, about one-third of the mirror neurons are called strictcongruent mirror neurons, which generate discharge behavior for the observed specific behavior;and the other two-thirds of the mirror neurons are called broadly congruent mirror neurons, theywill show response with the logical result of the behavior (Rizzolatti Craighero, 2004). Thisseems to indicate that the mimicry behavior of macaques may not be a single motor imitation andmay also include some cognitive imitation. Subiaul et. al. (2004; 2007) also supports this view,which suggests that monkeys, like children, can discover and learn underlying rules fromabstract classifications and tasks, and imitate in the next random task (Subiaul et. al., 2004;Subiaul et. al., 2007). So, what are the differences between the mirror neurons of humans and themirror neuron systems of apes?