o4spontaneously, and meaningfully i

o4spontaneously, and meaningfully in the second language.A significant difference between current language teaching practices and those of,say, a half a century ago, is the absence of proclaimed “orthodoxies" and“best"methods. We are well aware that methods,as they were conceived of 40 or50 years ago or so,are too narrow and too constrictive to apply to a wide range of learners in an enormous number of situational contexts. There are no instantshown, pedagogical trends in language teaching now spur us to develop a princ pled basis—sometimes called an approach (Richards & Rodgers,2001)-uponwhich teachers can choose particular designs and techniques for teaching a foreign language in a specific context. Every leaner is unique. Every teacher is uniqte Everyleanertcacher elationship is unique,and every context is unique. Your as as a teacher is to understand the properties of those elationships and contcls