All of the above topology optimizat

All of the above topology optimization theories are called deterministic topology optimization (dto) because they do not consider the uncertainty of structural parameters.In practical application, the bearing load, cross-section size and material characteristics of the structure will not be determined, and their true values will fluctuate near the nominal values.In dto, the designer ignores the influence of the uncertainty of the parameters such as material characteristics, structural geometry, load and manufacturing error on the topological structure. Will the optimization scheme obtained by the deterministic topological optimization design lead to the decrease of safety margin and fail to meet the expected performance requirements (31).In topology optimization, the uncertainty of parameters must be considered to avoid the degradation of structural performance caused by uncertainty.A mailbox method to determine these uncertain parameters is to treat them as structural reliability constraints. Structural topology optimization satisfying structural reliability constraints is called reliability based topology optimization (rbto). It is an optimization strategy to obtain the most common topology according to different reliability index requirements.Tu (32) takes the reliability analysis into account in the structural optimization design, expecting to complete the structural optimization and reduce the probability of structural failure at the same time. Therefore, the concept of reliability based design optimization (RBDO) is proposed. Kharmanda (33) systematically constructed the rbto theoretical framework in 2004.