Two qualitative studies provide ins

Two qualitative studies provide insight into howsuccessful self-management involves actively managing social influences and thus suggest that the causal influence between social support and self-management might also occur in the opposite direction. Individuals with asthma reported that they purposely limited contact with unsupportive others. Similarly, older women with heart disease described that effective self-management included calming other family members, dealing with unhelpful or misguided advice, and learning how to accept or reject help.