Corrosion resistance is important for any structural material because it tends to reduce the mechanical properties of components and limit their service life. The most common example of corrosion is the rust of steel, such as that found on car bodies. Corrosion can be a direct chemical attack or an electrochemical reaction (a reaction in which each of the two half-reactions involves electrons, and the total reaction is the entire reaction). Direct chemical attack occurs in the presence of species that react with structural materials. An example is the reaction of copper with molten tin to form a copper-tin compound (for example, cu3sn). Due to the widespread use of tin-lead solder for electrical connections and the widespread use of copper wires, this reaction has attracted the attention of the electronics industry. During the soldering process, the tin portion of the molten solder reacts with the copper, which causes the tinned joint to become unreliable. Electrochemical corrosion occurs under conditions where electrochemical reactions may occur, as described below. In either case, the surface of the material usually begins to corrode, so surface modification is a commonly used method of corrosion protection. People affected by corrosion should take effective protective measures
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