Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health problem, affectingapproximately 42 million individuals worldwide, annually (1). Despite its name,mTBI could lead to various neurological and non-neurological disorders, amongwhich cognitive impairment is the most common one (2). Previous studies revealedthat a significant number of mTBI patients experienced cognitive deficit during thefirst two weeks, and the cognitive deficit would persist for about three months afterthe injury (3,4). The possible mechanisms for cognitive impairment include both graymatter (GM) and/or white matter (WM) damage. Finding a reliable biomarker foraccurate assessment of the brain pathological changes underlying cognitive deficitafter mTBI is of great significance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as a noninvasive tool, is playing anincreasingly important role in the assessment of TBI from its acute to chronic phases