reactive oxygen species (ROS) so that the genome of cancercells may elude damage by a high concentration ofROS, resulting in apoptosis resistance in tumor subjects(11,12). Currently, the Warburg effect and its causes havecaught the attention of scientists because people believe thata better understanding of the mechanisms of the Warburgeffect might ultimately lead to more effective treatments forcancer. Indeed, numerous publications have proposed differentmodels; thus, a comprehensive and clear cause of theWarburg effect might be on the horizon. Moreover, someanti-cancer drugs have also been developed as applicationsof the switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolyticmetabolism in cancer (13), besides the diagnosis and detectionof metastasis using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)positron emission tomography (PET).