The Ingroup Identification scale was included to examine whether the experimental manipulation indeed made the group as TG salient or whether it mainly strengthened general ingroup identification. The Ingroup Identification scale was a shortened version of the scale of Ingroup Identification used in Study 1 (Roccas et al., 2006; Roccas et al., 2008) consisting of eight items. The reliabilities for the scales in the study were as follows: PoINT, α = .85; Endurance of Ingroup Suffering, α = .82; TG, α = .83; and Ingroup Identification, α = .89.