62. You are discussing the various

62. You are discussing the various facets of biology with your good friend. Which of thefollowing is a true statement?A. Standing crop is measured over a period of time.B. Effective population size is not always smaller than the actual population size.C. Net primary productivity is about ¾ of gross primary productivity.D. The oceans contribute about as much production as all terrestrial biomes combined.E. An inverted biomass pyramid has a high standing crop.Answer: DRationale: Standing crop is measured in units of biomass and does not involve time. An expressionof effective population size is 4NfNn/Nf + Nm, and this will always be smaller than Nf + Nm (thisinequality can be solved with the “trivial” inequality, that any number squared is greater than 0). Netprimary productivity is about half gross primary productivity. An inverted biomass pyramidnecessarily has less standing crop than primary consumer. D is the only true answer, and this fact isstated in Campbell Biology.