Textbooks written by chemists, phys

化学家，物理学家和thermodynami-CIST上写的教科书，相比之下，通常采用布里渊解释，DEVE-loping通过其与疗法，modynamic entropy.20麦克斯韦妖在这些解释占有显着地位的连接信息的概念，并导致预期结论：熵和信息应该具有相反的信号。对于这些作者如何热力学熵与信息熵的问题是引人注目的; 其中大部分投入几页的问题。两个启发式的教材，通过几代进行自我复制的能力是架设边界学科传统的​​成效显着证据是边缘化或大事化小小事发生了什么他们之外。 <br><br>事实上，布里渊的负熵是如何与山非的熵的问题不是特别复杂或困难。超过二十年前，如果表现出的符号相反和“负熵”的概念被丢弃的布里渊的证据仍然成立亚瑟·约翰威尔逊（1968年）。但争论仍在继续，因为试探被其他协会获悉。布里渊的heuris-TIC脱胎于他的麦克斯韦妖的分析，这种分析是有道理的只有信息和熵是对立的。善非的启发式，相比之下，在需要发送消息电路，并且这些电路的浓缩物强调消息传输的固有uncer-确定性。在启发式体现是价值无关的形式理论，但必不可少的外面他们长大的心态。 

Textbooks written by chemists, physicists, and thermodynami-cists, by contrast, usually adopted the Brillouin explanation, deve-loping the concept of information through its connection with ther-modynamic entropy.20 Maxwell’s Demon figured prominently in these explanations and led to the expected conclusion that entropy and information should have opposite signs. For these authors the problem of how thermodynamic entropy related to informational entropy was compelling; most of them devoted several pages to the question. The ability of both heuristics to replicate themselves through several generations of textbooks is striking evidence of the effectiveness of disciplinary traditions in erecting boundaries that marginalize or trivialize what happens outside of them. <br><br>In fact, the problem of how Brillouin’s negentropy relates to Shan-non’s entropy is not especially complex or difficult. More than twenty years ago, John Arthur Wilson (1968) demonstrated that Brillouin’s proofs still hold true if the signs are reversed and the “negentropy” concept is dropped. But the debate continues because the heuristics are informed by other associations. Brillouin’s heuris-tic grew out of his analysis of Maxwell’s Demon, and this analysis makes sense only if information and entropy are opposites. Shan-non’s heuristic, by contrast, concentrates on the circuits necessary to transmit messages, and these circuits emphasize the intrinsic uncer-tainty of message transmissions. Embodied in the heuristics are values extraneous to the formal theories but essential to the mindsets out of which they grew. 

相比之下，化学家、物理学家和热力学西茨编写的教科书通常采用布里渊解释，通过信息与热力学熵的联系发展了信息的概念。20麦克斯韦的魔鬼在这些解释中起了突出的作用，并得出了熵与信息应该具有相反符号的预期结论。对于这些作者来说，热力学熵与信息熵的关系问题是令人信服的；他们中的大多数人都用了几页的篇幅来讨论这个问题。这两种启发式方法通过几代教科书进行自我复制的能力，是学科传统在建立边界方面的有效性的显著证据，这些边界将外部发生的事情边缘化或琐碎化<br>事实上，布里渊负熵与单农熵的关系问题并不特别复杂或困难。二十多年前，John Arthur Wilson（1968）证明了如果符号颠倒并且“负熵”概念被放弃，Brillouin的证明仍然成立。但争论仍在继续，因为启发法是由其他协会提供信息的。布里渊的启发式思想源于他对麦克斯韦魔鬼的分析，而这种分析只有在信息和熵是对立的情况下才有意义。相比之下，单侬的启发式方法则集中在传输信息所必需的电路上，这些电路强调了信息传输的内在不确定性。在启发法中体现的价值观与形式理论无关，但对它们成长的思维方式至关重要