The ability of biotechnology to facilitate the production of unique raw materials decoupled from the petrochemical industry will demand commercial interest. The pace of growth will likely accelerate when sugars economically extracted from lignocellulosic biomass become the dominant feed for bio-based chemical production processes. Industries such as the automotive industry are leading the way in incorporating bio-based material content in their products. Poly(trans-b- farnesene) polyols may offer novel opportunities to produce polyurethanes and other materials having unique structure–property relationships