重载轴承选型的关键有哪些？重载轴承的应用问题，必须结合重载轴承的工作特

What are the keys to heavy-duty bearing selection? The application of heavy-duty bearings must be considered in conjunction with the working characteristics of heavy-duty bearings. Heavy-duty bearings are often in a state of high stress during operation, and bearings are very sensitive to high stress, so all aspects of application technology must strive to reduce the stress of the bearing. <br><br>The essentials for selecting heavy-duty bearings are basically the same as those for high-rigidity bearings. <br><br>The application of heavy-duty bearings must be considered in conjunction with the working characteristics of heavy-duty bearings. Heavy-duty bearings are often in a state of high stress during operation, and the bearings are sensitive to high stresses. Therefore, all aspects of application technology should strive to reduce the stress of the bearings, and the reduction of stress is very conducive to extending the life of the bearings. For example, under the condition that the axial position of the high-load machine permits, the single bearing of a certain fulcrum is doubled to bear the radial load, and despite the influence of uneven load, under the same workpiece conditions, the fulcrum The life of the two bearings is expected to increase by more than two times compared with the original single bearing. In fact, heavy machinery often uses multiple bearings or multiple rows of bearings at a fulcrum to bear radial loads. <br><br>The coordination, clearance and lubrication of <br>heavy-duty bearings must be considered in a unified manner. <br><br>In order to reduce the stress of heavy-duty bearings, it is desirable that the lubricating film layer is thick, so it is preferred to use a higher viscosity lubricating oil or a grease with a higher viscosity oil as the base oil, and at the same time hope to ensure good lubrication conditions The friction torque due to the viscosity of the lubricant should not be too high. <br><br>The interference fit of the heavy-duty bearing rotating ring is larger than normal, and this has an adverse effect on the deformation of the raceway and the life of the bearing. Therefore, if possible, it is desirable to reduce the interference amount appropriately, which requires reducing the mating surface. The roughness of the surface is maintained at the same time, because in case of lubrication failure, the excessive friction torque on the surface of the raceway under heavy load strengthens the creeping trend of the mating surface, and even slipping occurs, although these phenomena mostly occur in the outer ring, but in severe The inner circle is also inevitable. Note that the actual fit of the outer ring should not be too large, so as to prevent grease from infiltrating into the surface, promote slippage, and make the ring easy to deform, reducing the bearing area of ​​the bearing. <br><br>Only after carefully taking effective countermeasures, it is allowed to appropriately reduce the interference of the heavy-duty bearings. Although the interference is slightly reduced, the improvement of the bearing stress state is greater. Of course, the benefits of thickening the oil film are greater.<br><br>Due to the large contact area of ​​the rolling surface of the bearing under heavy load, the fit is tight, and the amount of ferrule access and deformation are large, so the clearance of the bearing is usually also large. <br><br>Improve the bearing use conditions from the design of the <br>main machine : all drive shafts in the drive chain of the main machine should be properly taken at a higher speed, and then reduced to the working speed when the drive reaches the main shaft, and the installation parts left for the main shaft bearing should also be larger for easy selection Larger bearings, these are good for bearings.

重载轴承选型的关键有哪些？重载轴承的应用问题，必须结合重载轴承的工作特点来考虑。重载轴承工作时常处在高应力的状态下，而轴承对高应力很敏感，因此应用技术的一切环节都要力求减缓轴承的应力。<br><br>重载轴承选型的要点与高刚性轴承的选型要点基本相同。<br><br>重载轴承的应用问题，必须结合重载轴承的工作特点来考虑。重载轴承工作时常处在高应力的状态下，而轴承对高应力很敏感，因此应用技术的一切环节都要力求减缓轴承的应力，而应力的减缓十分有利于延长轴承的寿命。例如高载荷机器在轴向位置允许的条件下，将原用的某支点的单个轴承倍增为两只来承受径向负荷，而尽管有负荷不均的影响，在相同的工件条件下，该支点两只轴承的寿命各比原来单个轴承的情况下，可望提高远不止两倍。而事实上，在重型机器就经常在一个支点使用多个轴承或多列轴承来承受径向负荷。<br><br>重载轴承的配合、游隙与润滑<br>重载轴承的配合、游隙和润滑必须统一考虑。<br><br>为了减缓重载轴承的应力，希望润滑膜层较厚，因此偏于使用粘度较高的润滑油或以较高粘度的油作为基油的润滑脂，同时又希望在保证良好润滑的条件下，由于润滑剂粘性造成的摩擦力矩不要太高。<br><br>重载轴承旋转套圈的配合过盈量比普通情况大，而这对滚道变形以至轴承寿命都有不利的影响，因此在可能的情况下，希望过盈量适当减少，这要求降低配合表面的粗糙度，同时保持润滑正常，因为润滑万一失效，重载下滚道表面过大的摩擦力矩使配合表面蠕动趋势加强，甚至出现打滑现象，虽然这些现象多发生在外圈，—但是严重时内圈也在所不免。外圈实际的配合注意不宜出现过大的间隙，以免油脂渗入该表面，促使打滑现象的发生，以及使套圈易于变形，减少轴承的承载区。<br><br>只有在慎密采取有效对策后，才允许适当减少重型轴承的配合过盈，而过盈量虽稍有减少，对轴承应力状态的改善却较大，当然，加厚油膜的好处就更大。<br><br>由于重载下轴承滚动表面接触面积大，配合紧，套圈接近量和变形较大，所以通常轴承的游隙也取得较大。<br><br>从主机设计上改善轴承使用条件:<br>主机的传动链中所有传动轴宜适当取较高转速，直至传动至主轴时再降至工作转速，而留给主轴轴承的安装部件也宜大些，便于选用较大轴承，这些对轴承都很有利。

What are the key points of heavy load bearing selection? The application of heavy load bearing must be considered in combination with the working characteristics of heavy load bearing. Heavy load bearing is always in the state of high stress, and the bearing is very sensitive to high stress, so all links of application technology should strive to reduce the bearing stress.<br>The key points of heavy load bearing selection are basically the same as those of high rigidity bearing selection.<br>The application of heavy load bearing must be considered in combination with the working characteristics of heavy load bearing. Heavy load bearing often works in a state of high stress, and the bearing is very sensitive to high stress, so all links of application technology should strive to slow down the stress of the bearing, and the slow down of the stress is very conducive to prolong the life of the bearing. For example, when the axial position of the high load machine allows, the single bearing of the original fulcrum is multiplied to two to bear the radial load. However, despite the influence of the uneven load, under the same workpiece condition, the life of the two bearings of the fulcrum is expected to increase by more than two times than that of the original single bearing. In fact, in heavy-duty machines, multiple bearings or rows of bearings are often used at one fulcrum to bear the radial load.<br>Fit, clearance and lubrication of heavy load bearing<br>The fit, clearance and lubrication of heavy-duty bearings must be considered in a unified way.<br>In order to reduce the stress of heavy-duty bearings, it is hoped that the lubricating film layer is thicker, so it is preferred to use the lubricating oil with higher viscosity or the lubricating grease with higher viscosity as the base oil. At the same time, it is hoped that under the condition of ensuring good lubrication, the friction torque caused by the viscosity of the lubricant should not be too high.<br>The fit interference of the heavy-duty bearing's rotating ring is larger than that of the common case, which has a negative impact on the deformation of the raceway and the bearing life. Therefore, if possible, it is hoped that the interference will be reduced appropriately, which requires reducing the roughness of the fit surface and maintaining the normal lubrication at the same time, because in case of failure of lubrication, the excessive friction moment on the raceway surface under heavy load will make the fit surface wriggle Although these phenomena often occur in the outer ring, the inner ring is also unavoidable when the situation is serious. The actual matching of outer ring should not have too large clearance, so as to prevent grease from penetrating into the surface, promote the occurrence of slip, and make the ferrule easy to deform and reduce the bearing area.<br>Only after the effective measures are taken carefully, can the fit interference of heavy bearings be properly reduced. Although the interference is slightly reduced, the improvement of bearing stress state is greater. Of course, the benefits of thickening the oil film are greater.<br>Due to the large contact area, tight fit and large deformation of the bearing's rolling surface under heavy load, the clearance of the bearing is usually large.<br>Improve the service conditions of bearing from the design of main engine:<br>All drive shafts in the drive chain of the main engine should be properly set at a higher speed until they are driven to the main shaft and then reduced to the working speed, and the installation parts left for the main shaft bearing should be larger to facilitate the selection of larger bearings, which are very beneficial to the bearings.