The CSP can be described at the mac

The CSP can be described at the macro- and micro-levels, as depicted in Fig. 1 [75,76]. As shown in Fig. 1a, a liquid phase is introduced at the particle-particle interface and the particle ensembles are homogenously wetted with an appropriate amount of solution (water or volatile solutes). The powders are then compacted under an external pressure, which is facilitated by the addition of liquid lubricant at the particle interfaces.