Apart from the functionalized LDHs produced by intercalation,various other types of functionalized LDHs were alsoshowed to be highly effective in heavy metal removal, suchas the LDH hybridized with carbon materials, 3DLDHs, core–shell LDHs,and ultrathin LDHs. Themain factors contributing to the favorable adsorption ofheavy metals by the functionalized LDHs include high specificsurface area and porosity, unique nanostructure, and thespecific functions of the guest species hybridized withLDH