多数金属结构材料的失效都是从表面的薄弱环节开始发生或者传导，从而引起材

多数金属结构材料的失效都是从表面的薄弱环节开始发生或者传导，从而引起材料的性能下降，使用寿命缩短。基于自然界启示而诞生的梯度结构金属材料，打破了长久以来存在于金属材料领域的阿基里斯之踵-材料强度与韧性之间此消彼长的矛盾关系。近年来开发了多种表面纳米化技术，成功在金属材料表面制备了晶粒尺寸从表层纳米尺度连续变化到内部 宏观尺度的梯度纳米结构，强化和保护了材料表面，使材料具有“又强又韧”的综合力学性能，有效地解决了上述问题。

多数金属结构材料的失效都是从表面的薄弱环节开始发生或者传导，从而引起材料的性能下降，使用寿命缩短。 基于自然界启示而诞生的梯度结构金属材料，打破了长久以来存在于金属材料领域的阿基里斯之踵-材料强度与韧性之间此消彼长的矛盾关系。 近年来开发了多种表面纳米化技术，成功在金属材料表面制备了晶粒尺寸从表层纳米尺度连续变化到内部 宏观尺度的梯度纳米结构，强化和保护了材料表面，使材料具有“又强又韧”的综合力学性能，有效地解决了上述问题。

The failure of most metal structural materials starts from the weak link on the surface or conducts, which leads to the decline of material performance and the shortening of service life. Based on the Enlightenment of nature, the gradient structure metal materials have broken the contradiction between strength and toughness of materials, which has existed in the field of metal materials for a long time. In recent years, a variety of surface nanocrystallization technologies have been developed, and gradient nanostructures with grain size changing continuously from the surface nano scale to the internal macro scale have been successfully prepared on the surface of metal materials, which has strengthened and protected the material surface, and has the comprehensive mechanical properties of "strong and tough", effectively solving the above problems.<br>