The conveyor belt 1 forms an endless endless belt around the drive drum 2 and the tail reversing drum 3. Both the upper and lower portions of the conveyor belt are supported on the idler rollers. The tensioning device 5 gives the conveyor belt the tension required for normal operation. In operation, the drive roller drives the conveyor belt through the friction between it and the conveyor belt. The material is loaded from the loading point onto the conveyor belt to form a continuously moving stream that is unloaded at the unloading point. The general material is loaded onto the upper belt (bearing section) and unloaded at the head drum (here, the drive drum), and can also be unloaded in the middle by means of a special unloading device.
The upper belt of the fuselage of the ordinary belt conveyor is supported by the grooved roller to increase the flow sectional area, and the lower belt is the return section (the empty belt which is not carried). Generally, the lower idler is a flat roller. Belt conveyors are available for horizontal, inclined and vertical transport. For the ordinary belt conveyor, the inclined angle is not more than 18°, and the downward transportation is not more than 15°.
Conveyor belts are the most expensive and wearable parts of belt conveyor components. When conveying abrasive materials such as iron ore, the durability of the conveyor belt is significantly reduced.
Improving the traction of the transmission can be considered from the following three aspects:
1. Increase the tension. Increasing the initial tension increases the tension S1 of the conveyor belt at the separation point of the drive drum. This method improves the traction although it is feasible. However, due to the increase, the cross section of the conveyor belt must be increased accordingly, which results in an increase in the size of the structure S1 of the transmission device, which is uneconomical. Therefore, it should not be used during design. However, in operation, due to the elongation of the conveyor belt, the tension is reduced, and the traction force is lowered. The tensioning device can be used to appropriately increase the initial tension, thereby increasing S1 to improve the traction force.