the catabolism of skeletal muscle generates glucose, as it is the preferred substrate for the brain, red blood cells and renal medulla, and provides the energy required by injured tissue. Septic patients have a threefold increase in glucose turnover, glucose oxidation and elevation of gluconeogenesis. Provision of dietary glucose is relatively ineffective in reducing gluconeogenesis. The excess glucose is converted to fat, resulting in the generation of co2. The normal ketone metabolism is impaired in the stressed metabolic state, thus making glucose the main fuel for the brain.