The densities of the ceramics sinte

The densities of the ceramics sintered for 1 h at 1350 and 1400 ◦C, respectively, are shown in Fig. 5 as a function of the dissolved Ba amount during leaching. Compared to the unmodified BaTiO3 seeds, there are significant differences in the density of the final ceramics sintered at 1350 and 1400 ◦C. Already 0.09 mol% Ba dissolved is sufficient to increase the density of the ceramic sintered at 1350 ◦C from 4.85 to 5.3 g cm−3. But on the other hand, there are no significant differences in the final density of the ceramics with increasing Ba amount dissolved. Even the ceramic prepared from the seeds with 1.7 mol% Ba dissolved, and sintered at 1400 ◦C exhibits a density of about 5.4 g cm−3 only. This corresponds to 90% of theoretical density, i.e., there is still 10% of porosity.