The double tap requirement to extract the endoscope has been removed, because there are no end-effectors to close and straighten.S20 found it difficult to visualize the ports because he had difficulty physically moving the endoscope to the port and did not know where to direct the endoscope to see the port when it was off-screen.This was further complicated by the 30° endoscope angle making it difficult for him to understand where the endoscope was looking.These changes address the root causes noted by participants, and the new instrument exchange workflow will be re- evaluated in a future usability study.