SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION While the general definitions of language, learning, and teaching offered above might meet with the approval of most linguists, psychologists,and educators, C points of disagreement become apparent after a little probing of the components of each definition. For example, is language primarily a "system of formal units"6 or a "means for social interaction"? Or, for better retention, should a teacher emphasize extrinsic or intrinsic motivation in students? Differing viewpoints emerge from equally knowledgeable scholars,usually over the extent to which one viewpoint or another should receive primacy.