ISO 139, Textiles一Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 2060, Textiles一Yarn from packages skein methodDetermination of linear density (mass per unit length) by the3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1breaking forcemaximum force applied to a specimen in a tensile test carried to ruptureNOTEFor yarns, the breaking force or load is preferably expressed in centinewtons3.2elongation at breakincrease in length of a specimen corresponding to the breaking forceNOTEFor yarns, elongation at break is expressed as a percentage of the initial length3.3breaking tenacityratio of a yarn's breaking force to its linear densityNOTEFor yarns, breaking tenacity is expressed in centinewtons per tex3.4constant rate of specimen extension (CRE) tester testing machine in which one end of the specimen is held in a virtually stationary clamp and the other end is gripped in a clamp that is driven at a constant speedNOTEA suitable system is provided for detecting and recording the force applied and the elongation3.5clampthat part of a tensile testing machine used to grip the specimen by means of suitable jaws3.6hawsthose elements of a clamp which grip the specimen3.7gauge lengthnominal lengthdistance between the clamping points of the testerNOTEthe yarnWith bollard or capstan clamps, it is the distance between their gripping points, measured along the path of3.8initial lengthlength of a test specimen (between the clamping points) under specified pretension at the beginning of the test3.9packagelength of yarn in a form suitable for use, handling, storing, etcNOTEPackages can be supported (e.gconesbobbins) or unsupported (e.g. skeins, balls)