Stephen Ross proposed arbitrage pricing theory in 1976, which is a rich and complementary to the capital asset pricing model, which uses the principle of equilibrium to determine the conditions and opportunities for arbitrage. Arbitrage behavior is the characteristic of modern market effectiveness, an important mechanism to promote the formation of equilibrium prices, and a lubricant of the modern capital asset market. Stephen Ross argues that risky assets are related to a variety of factors, many of which are similar to linear relationships, and that by looking for their mathematical relationships, there is a risk-free arbitrage trading opportunity if the market price deviates. Arbitrage pricing theory holds that in the equilibrium market, the prices of different investment objects should be equal, otherwise there will be arbitrage opportunities, in the market participants arbitrage behavior, the unreasonable price relationship will be quickly returned, and ultimately lose the risk-free arbitrage opportunity. Arbitrage pricing theory is a supplement to the theoretical basis of capital asset pricing, which clearly puts forward the existence of arbitrage opportunities in the market under the unbalanced situation, and seeks arbitrage relationship for all kinds of complex asset arbitrage.
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