Antifungal ActivityA. niger was sel

Antifungal ActivityA. niger was selected to challenge the antifungal activityof PUT films, since it was reported to be the most commonfungus that contaminated PU synthetic leather coating [4].The growth of A. niger on various PUT films in 14 days wasshown in Figure 1. It was found that the A. niger sporesbegun to appear on both PUT-0.00 and PUT-0.25 on the 3rdday after inoculation. Then, the spores spread gradually, andoccupied the whole sample surface at the end of the test.This indicated that with low nano-TiO 2 concentration, thePUT film exhibited negligible antifungal activity against A.niger. Although spore contamination on PUT-0.50 stilloccurred, it was delayed to the 9th day after inoculation.This delay demonstrated that with 0.50 wt% nano-TiO 2concentration, the PUT film showed improved, but stilllimited antifungal activity against A. niger. As for PUT-0.75and PUT-1.00 however, no spores (even filamentousmycelium) were observed on sample surfaces throughout thetest. This suggested that when the nano-TiO 2 concentrationincreased up to ≥0.75 wt%, the antifungal activity of PUTfilm could be ranked as excellent. Evidently, the antifungalactivity of PUT films greatly depended on the nano-TiO 2concentration, which was in good agreement with theantibacterial results.The antifungal results of PUT synthetic leather against A.niger, measured by ASTM G 21-96, were illustrated inFigure 2. For better comparison, the PUT-0.00 as controlwas placed in the same agar plate with other samples. At theend of the test that lasted for 28 days, A. niger spores werefound to have contaminated the surfaces of PUT-0.00, PUT-0.25, and PUT-0.50. However, no traces of filamentousmycelium or spore growth were observed on PUT-0.75 andPUT-1.00, which was confirmed with the aid of microscope.According to the evaluation criteria defined by ASTM G 21-96, it could be concluded that with nano-TiO 2 concentration≥0.75 wt%, the PUT synthetic leather coating exhibitedexcellent antifungal activity to A. niger.The origin of the above antimicrobial activity wasascribed to the well-known photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 .Briefly, when exposed to ultraviolet light (λ

0/5000

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结果 (简体中文) 1: [复制]

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抗真菌活性 的黑曲霉选择挑战抗真菌活性 PUT膜的，因为据报道是最常见的 真菌，被污染的PU合成皮革涂料[4]。 上14天各种PUT膜的黑曲霉的生长 ，如图1所示结果发现，黑曲霉孢子 开始出现在两个PUT-0.00和3号PUT-0.25 接种后一天。然后，将孢子逐渐扩散，并 在试验结束时所占据的整个样品表面。 这表明，具有低的纳米TiO 2浓度的 PUT膜表现出对A.可忽略不计的抗真菌活性 曲霉。虽然PUT-0.50仍然孢子污染 发生后，有人推迟到接种后第9天。 这种延迟表明，用0.50重量％的纳米的TiO 2 浓度，该PUT膜显示出改善，但仍然 有限的抗真菌活性的黑曲霉。作为用于PUT-0.75 和PUT-1.00但是，没有孢子（甚至丝状 未观察到对样品表面的菌丝体）在整个 测试。这表明，当纳米，TiO 2浓度 增加至≥0.75％（重量），PUT的抗真菌活性 薄膜可以被列为优异。显然，抗真菌 PUT膜的活性很大程度上取决于纳米的TiO 2 浓度，这是在与所述吻合良好 的抗菌效果。 对A. PUT合成皮革的抗真菌结果 曲霉，通过ASTM G 21-96测量，在被示出的 图2中为了更好地比较，PUT-0.00作为对照 放置在与其他样品相同的琼脂平板上。在 持续了28天试验结束时，进行了黑曲霉孢子 发现有受污染的PUT-0.00，PUT-的表面 0.25，和PUT-0.50。然而，没有丝状的痕迹 没有观察到对PUT-0.75和菌丝体或孢子生长 PUT-1.00，将其用显微镜的帮助证实。 根据ASTM G 21-定义的评估标准 96，可以得出结论，与纳米，TiO 2浓度 ≥0.75重量％时，PUT合成皮革涂层显示 优异的抗真菌活性黑曲霉。 上述抗微生物活性的起源被 归因于TiO 2为公知的光催化活性。 简单地说，当暴露于紫外光（λ

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结果 (简体中文) 2:[复制]

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Antifungal Activity A. niger was selected to challenge the antifungal activity of PUT films, since it was reported to be the most common fungus that contaminated PU synthetic leather coating [4]. The growth of A. niger on various PUT films in 14 days was shown in Figure 1. It was found that the A. niger spores begun to appear on both PUT-0.00 and PUT-0.25 on the 3rd day after inoculation. Then, the spores spread gradually, and occupied the whole sample surface at the end of the test. This indicated that with low nano-TiO 2 concentration, the PUT film exhibited negligible antifungal activity against A. niger. Although spore contamination on PUT-0.50 still occurred, it was delayed to the 9th day after inoculation. This delay demonstrated that with 0.50 wt% nano-TiO 2 concentration, the PUT film showed improved, but still limited antifungal activity against A. niger. As for PUT-0.75 and PUT-1.00 however, no spores (even filamentous mycelium) were observed on sample surfaces throughout the test. This suggested that when the nano-TiO 2 concentration increased up to ≥0.75 wt%, the antifungal activity of PUT film could be ranked as excellent. Evidently, the antifungal activity of PUT films greatly depended on the nano-TiO 2 concentration, which was in good agreement with the antibacterial results. The antifungal results of PUT synthetic leather against A. niger, measured by ASTM G 21-96, were illustrated in Figure 2. For better comparison, the PUT-0.00 as control was placed in the same agar plate with other samples. At the end of the test that lasted for 28 days, A. niger spores were found to have contaminated the surfaces of PUT-0.00, PUT- 0.25, and PUT-0.50. However, no traces of filamentous mycelium or spore growth were observed on PUT-0.75 and PUT-1.00, which was confirmed with the aid of microscope. According to the evaluation criteria defined by ASTM G 21- 96, it could be concluded that with nano-TiO 2 concentration ≥0.75 wt%, the PUT synthetic leather coating exhibited excellent antifungal activity to A. niger. The origin of the above antimicrobial activity was ascribed to the well-known photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Briefly, when exposed to ultraviolet light (λ

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结果 (简体中文) 3:[复制]

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抗真菌活性 A、尼日尔被选中挑战抗真菌活性 因为据报道这是最常见的 污染聚氨酯合成革涂层的真菌[4]。 在14天内，黑曲霉在不同放置膜上的生长 如图1所示。发现黑曲霉孢子 开始出现在-0.00和-0.25两个位置 接种后第天。然后，孢子逐渐扩散，并且 在测试结束时占据了整个样品表面。 这表明，当纳米二氧化钛浓度较低时 对A的抑菌活性可忽略不计。 尼日尔。尽管投入-0.50仍有孢子污染 发生时，推迟到接种后第9天。 此延迟表明，在0.50 wt%的纳米TiO 2中 注意力集中，电影表现出改善，但仍然 对黑曲霉的抗真菌活性有限。至于PUT-0.75 放置-1.00，但是没有孢子（甚至是丝状的 在整个试验过程中，在样品表面观察到菌丝体 测试。这表明当纳米TiO 2浓度 提高到≥0.75 wt%，PUT的抗真菌活性 这部电影可以被评为优秀影片。显然，抗真菌药 纳米TiO 2对PUT薄膜的活性影响很大 注意力集中，这与 抗菌效果。 合成革对A的抑菌效果。 尼日尔，由ASTM G 21-96测量，如 图2。为了更好的比较，将-0.00作为对照 与其他样本放在同一个琼脂平板上。在 试验结束，持续28天，黑曲霉孢子 发现污染了PUT-0.00的表面- 0.25，加-0.50。但是，没有丝状的痕迹 在PUT-0.75和 PUT-1.00，借助显微镜确认。 根据ASTM G 21规定的评估标准- 96，可以得出结论，在纳米TiO 2浓度下 不小于0.75 wt%的人造革涂层 对黑曲霉有很好的抗真菌活性。 上述抗菌活性的来源是 归因于众所周知的TiO 2光催化活性。 简而言之，当暴露在紫外线下时（λ

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