Process-Control Chart Process-control charts provide a graphical representation of elements that are out of the acceptable range by setting parameters above and below the range. This tool is most effective for determining variances in production processes over time. Although this tool is generally used in a production context, to help you understand how it works, let’s look at how it could be applied in an HR context. Let’s say your department has established that open positions will be filled within 30 days from the date of notification to the HR department, with a 5-day grace period. The sample process-control chart in Figure 5.6 shows you that two positions were out of the normal range: one took less than 25 days, and the other took more than 35 days. Both of these are considered to be “out of control” and warrant investigation to determine what caused the variance.