众所周知，大肠杆菌、志贺氏菌和鲍曼不动杆菌等生物体的染色体上含有不可诱

It is well known that organisms such as Escherichia coli, Shigella and Acinetobacter baumannii contain non-inducible ampC genes on their chromosomes. For these organisms, there is usually a promoter or attenuator mutation that controls ampC gene expression [17]. However, some highly expressed AmpC enzymes have been discovered in recent years, which may be due to the presence of a stronger promoter or a mutation in the original promoter, which makes the ampC attenuator unstable. Notably, the diversity caused by mutation and overexpression of these enzymes by antimicrobial induction is evolving to confer resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antibiotics and new antibacterial treatment strategies.

It is well known that the chromosomes of organisms such as Escherichia coli, Shigella and Acinetobacter baumannii contain inducible AmpC gene. For these organisms, there is usually a promoter or attenuator mutation that controls AmpC gene expression [17]. However, some highly expressed AmpC enzymes have been found in recent years, which may be due to the existence of a stronger promoter or the mutation of the original promoter, which makes the AmpC attenuator no longer stable. It is worth noting that the diversity caused by mutations and the overexpression caused by the antibacterial induction of these enzymes are evolving to give β- Resistance to lactam antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antibiotics and new antibacterial treatment strategies.

As we all know, the chromosomes of Escherichia coli, Shigella and Acinetobacter baumannii contain the non-inducible ampC gene. For these organisms, there is usually a promoter or attenuator mutation to control the expression of ampC gene [17]. However, some high-level AmpC enzymes have been found in recent years, which may be due to the existence of a stronger promoter or the mutation of the original promoter, which makes the ampC attenuator no longer stable. Notably, the diversity caused by mutation and the over-expression caused by antibiotic induction of these enzymes are evolving to give resistance to various β -lactam antibiotics. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new antibiotics and new antibacterial treatment strategies.