As to G. biloba, various endophytic

As to G. biloba, various endophytics including Chaetomium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium and Charobacter were isolated from the root, stem, leaf, seed and bark of G. biloba. They produce lots of phytochemicals like flavonoids, terpenoids, and other compounds [12, 13]. 50% of these isolates showed antimicrobial activities against various pathogens. Some secondary metabolites such as 2-hexenal have been involved in the plant’s defense against pests. These bioactive metabolites are attractive to developing the commercial prodrugs and agricultural/ industrial production. Most importantly, as a therapeutic drug, G. biloba has no side effects even after long periods of use and its phytopharmaceuticals are readily accessible throughout the world.