Alternative methods.Method of elect

Alternative methods.Method of electronic-rays melting is well proved and is widely used at this moment. Industrial metal of highest quality for most sensible parts is produced in electronic-rays furnaces.Limitations of this method are high cost of the plant and high expense of each melting, as the melting demands creating of deep, electronic tube-like vacuum. The volume of the melt is extremely small. The most powerful furnaces built in the USSR have the powers of only 100 kW (Gubakha city, Permsky Krai) and 300 kW (Novosibirsk city).The method, alternative to electronic-rays melting is also widely used method of electro-slag melting. With electro-slag treatment the drops of metal, dropping from melting electrode passes through the layer of slag, shunts the current in the plant which results in chemical binding of contaminants with slag melt in high temperature conditions. In addition, as is marked in [2], during electronic-rays or electro-slag melting metal takes significant over-heating. It is heated up to the temperatures close or equal to its secondary melting values what leads to uniform distribution of alloying elements in the melt. It results in improvement of mechanical properties of the metal and metal produced with electro-slag melting approaches by its properties to that produced with electronic rays melting method.Unfortunately, the electro-slag method does not influence on disintegration of micro and macro structures and the metal produced with electro-slag method needs further straining.Other methods if influencing on metal melts for improving mechanical properties were tested in laboratory conditions. For instance, there were experiments in inducting high voltage potential to solidifying ingot, in irradiating the melt with high-frequency, very high frequency, ultra high frequency and X-ray emissions. All these methods got no further development, as the results did not proved to be workable due to big expenses or danger to personnel’s health.