Figure 4 shows the process flow for

Figure 4 shows the process flow for aggregating eight IoT packets into an N-packet for N = 8. When an IoT packet arrives, as shown in Figure 2 (a), the whole packet is parsed as multiple headers without any payload. At Figure 4 (1), the parser extracts the Ethernet, IP, UDP, flag, and msg headers. When the flag header (Figure 2 (b)) is encountered, the parser checks the value of the “type” field (Figure 4 (2)). Depending on the value, the parser extracts either the msg header Figure 4: Packet aggregation process (N = 8) or the agg header. If the incoming packet is an IoT packet, it is aggregated as explained in this section. If the packet is an N-packet, then it is disaggregated as explained in Section 7 . Otherwise, the packet is sent to the routing process (Figure 4 (4)) for normal routing.