One of the more important communica

One of the more important communicative tasks may confront a traveler. That is the recognition of when a speaker has said “no”. That is, one needs to be able to denied that a respondent has refused or 点此填空 what the speaker has demanded, solicited, or offered. Equally, one needs to acquire the 点此填空 manner in which to respond in the negative when offered, solicited, or demanded something. It is granted that it is sometimes difficult to recognize a 点此填空 in one’s mother tongue where the answer might be unclear. However, in many 点此填空 the meaning can be made clear. This is possible if one knows how to 点此填空 the appropriate signals. A first task for the visitor abroad is to discover which forms are used to fulfill this function. If we compare form and function across cultures, it soon becomes clear that one form may be used to 点此填空 different things in another culture than in one’s own. For example, in Turkish “no” is 点此填空 by moving one’s head backwards while rolling one’s eyes upwards. However, to an American this movement is close to the signal used for saying “yes”. Further, in still other cultures, head shaking may have nothing to do with 点此填空 or negation. In parts of India, rolling the head slowly from side to side means something like “Yes, go on. I’m listening.” Thus, as one goes from culture to culture, form and function may not 点此填空 . If a foreigner wants to communicate appropriately, he must develop the competence of sending and receiving “no” messages.