摘 要：基于河南省小学教育统计数据，利用熵值加权、差异系数、采用空间自

摘要：基于河南省小学教育统计数据，利用熵值加权、差异系数、采用空间自相关等方法，分析了河南省县区内校级间小学教育资源配置发展水平和均衡性的空间布局特征、县区间资源配置发展水平的时空格局演变特征和影响因素。结果表明：（1）河南省县区小学教育资源配置水平稳步提升，县区间的配置水平差异有扩大趋势；县区内校级间的均衡水平略有增加，处于中度均衡。（2）综合均衡度的空间格局方面，由“低水平高均衡主导的低水平连片式”到“中高水平与高中均衡组合为主的中高水平交错式”的演变特征。（3）时空演变方面，县区小学教育资源配置水平有显着的空间集聚效应，且不断减弱；地理邻近背景对资源配置水平的提高具有显着的影响。（4）影响因素方面，生均教育支出对本地和邻近地区的小学教育资源配置水平均存在显着的正向溢出效应，需求端上人口增长率对本地的小学教育资源配置水平有负向效应，这反映地方经济发展对小学教育资源调配过程的滞后性。

Abstract: Based on the statistical data of primary education in Henan Province, using the methods of entropy weighting, difference coefficient and spatial autocorrelation, this paper analyzes the spatial layout characteristics of the development level and balance of primary education resource allocation between school levels in counties and districts of Henan Province, the evolution characteristics of temporal and spatial pattern and influencing factors of the development level of resource allocation between counties. The results show that: (1) the allocation level of primary education resources in counties and districts of Henan Province has increased steadily, and the difference of allocation level between counties has an expanding trend; The balance level among schools in the county increased slightly and was in a moderate balance. (2) In terms of the spatial pattern of comprehensive equilibrium degree, it is characterized by the evolution from "low-level continuous type dominated by low-level high equilibrium" to "medium and high-level staggered type dominated by the combination of medium and high-level and high-school equilibrium". (3) In terms of temporal and spatial evolution, the allocation level of primary education resources in counties and districts has a significant spatial agglomeration effect, which is weakening; Geographical proximity background has a significant impact on the improvement of resource allocation level. (4) In terms of influencing factors, the per student education expenditure has a significant positive spillover effect on the allocation level of primary education resources in the local and adjacent areas, and the population growth rate on the demand side has a negative effect on the allocation level of primary education resources, which reflects the lag of local economic development on the allocation process of primary education resources.

Based on the statistical data of primary education in Henan Province, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of the development level and balance of primary education resources allocation among schools in counties and districts of Henan Province, the evolution characteristics of the spatial-temporal pattern of the development level of resources allocation among counties and influencing factors by using entropy weighting, difference coefficient and spatial autocorrelation. The results are as follows: (1) The allocation level of primary education resources in counties and districts of Henan Province has steadily improved, and the differences in allocation levels among counties tend to expand; The level of equilibrium among schools in the county has slightly increased, which is in moderate equilibrium. (2) As for the spatial pattern of comprehensive equilibrium degree, the evolution features from "low-level continuous pattern dominated by low-level and high-level equilibrium" to "middle-high level staggered pattern dominated by the combination of middle-high level and high-school equilibrium". (3) In terms of temporal and spatial evolution, the allocation level of primary education resources in counties and districts has a significant spatial agglomeration effect, which is weakening continuously; The geographical background has a significant influence on the improvement of resource allocation level. (4) In terms of influencing factors, the per capita education expenditure has a significant positive spillover effect on the allocation level of primary education resources in local and neighboring areas, and the population growth rate on the demand side has a negative effect on the allocation level of primary education resources in local areas, which reflects the lag of local economic development on the allocation process of primary education resources.