The specific energy consumption, co

The specific energy consumption, cost, and environmental impact of the injection molding process depends not only on the injected thermoplastics and the type of injection molding machine [7], but also on the process parameters and the mold itself. An injection mold with an advanced design of the cooling system will produce better quality products and a shorter cycle time. Many publications have reported that conformal cooling channels are better than straight-drilled cooling channels for complex mold surfaces, which are impossible or difficult to cool with conventional methods. This new kind of cooling channel has drawn considerable injection mold designer attention. The main benefits of conformal cooling channels are the reduction of cycle time and less warpage of molded parts [2, 8–10]. For example, Ahn et al.