Intravenous drugs should be administered directly to the patient and not via the ECMO circuit. This reduces the risk of air entrainment during manipulation of the connectors, or inadvertent rapid drug delivery due to negative pressure in the rainage limb of the circuit. Clotting factors and lipid-rich solutions, such as propofol and parenteral nutrition, should not be given directly in the ECMO circuit, as the high concentration of lipids may block the oxygenator.