Feeding recommendations from the manufacturer of the selected food can also be used as a starting point.Also,feeding a similar amount to the amount of maintenance food that was previously fed is another starting point. The initial food dose should be adjusted from these starting points to maintain optimal body weight and condition. Gradual transition to a new food improves acceptance and also decreases the likelihood of problems in those patients that cannot rapidly adjust urinary sodium levels because of their renal dysfunction. Dogs withCKD usually tolerate a dietary change over seven to 10 days, whereas,cats may need three to four weeks or longer to make a successful transition.This requires patience and persistence by the pet owner and veterinary health care team. However, the end result is worth it because feeding a commercial veterinary therapeutic renal food is the only treatment that has been shown to prolong survival time in dogs and cats with CKD. Unfortunately,the “cold turkey”approach to feeding (i.e.,ownSmall