In many catalytic processes, the ca

In many catalytic processes, the catalytically active center is often a coordinated unsaturated metal atom. These species have metastable and variable characteristics, thus exhibiting a high degree of catalytic activity; on the other hand, maintaining this unsteady state Species need to provide a suitable chemical environment to moderately restrict them. Therefore, the variability of the catalytic active center and the invariance of the restricted environment are the basic characteristics of catalysis. Based on the catalytic confinement effect on the nanometer and interface scales, the research team creatively constructed a ferrous nanostructure with coordinated unsaturation on the surface of precious metal Pt, and successfully achieved the efficient activation of molecular oxygen at room temperature. The concept of "interface confinement catalysis" was developed. Mu Rentao, Fu Qiang, Bao Xinhe and others extended this concept to the PtNi catalytic system, and found the coordinated unsaturated Ni species in the interface confinement and their importance in low-temperature oxidation reactions. Role; combined with surface scientific experiments and real catalyst research, further reveals the promotion effect of subsurface Ni on the surface catalytic reaction. The single-layer dispersed NiO nanostructures stabilized on the surface of Pt provide coordinated unsaturated Ni species at the interface to dissociate molecular oxygen. The subsurface Ni species under the surface of Pt can reduce the activation energy of the elemental reaction between CO and atomic oxygen. Both show a mechanism of synergistic catalysis. The NiO / Pt / PtNi sandwich structure constructed according to this structure has a highly efficient catalytic activity for CO oxidation. The TiO2 nanotube confined Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared by vacuum-ultrasonic-assisted equal-volume impregnation method, and its visible light decomposition performance for hydrogen production was investigated. Due to the confinement effect of TiO2 nanotubes, Fe2O3 particles are reduced, the degree of dispersion is increased, the energy gap is increased, the photogenerated carriers are effectively separated, and their photolysis water hydrogen production activity is improved.