His management books point out that

His management books point out that motivation is a process, which refers to the process of strengthening, guiding and maintaining people’s efforts by influencing their inner needs. The three key elements are:1. Devotion: refers to the intensity of the employee's drive or effort.2. Direction: Investment is toward a direction that is beneficial to the organization.3. Continue: Employees can continue their efforts.Early motivational theories include Maslow-Needs Hierarchy Theory, McGregor-X and Y Theory, Herzberg-Two-factor Theory, McClelland-Three-Needs Theory to contemporary incentive theory goal setting theory, reinforcement theory, job design theory, fairness theory, expectation theory. It is discussing how to achieve the goals of the organization through different incentives.