The study of MRgFUS in psychiatric disorders dates backto the 1950s, when neurosurgeon Petter Aron Lindstrom firstremoved brain tissue using MRgFUS as an alternative toprefrontal invasive craniotomy and lobotomy (65). Lindstromintroduced the concept of MRgFUS-mediated lobotomy to hiscolleague Lars Leksell, who then set out to study the use ofMRgFUS for treating psychiatric disorders (Steiner L. Personalcommunication. 2007). Leksell designed a custom stereotactic headframe as a precise lesioning tool but was unable to completehis MRgFUS investigations because of the challenges imposedby the transmission of ultrasound through the skull. However,his contributions to developing a noninvasive modality for thetreatment of functional brain disorders laid the foundation forthe development of the first Gamma Knife model.