other chemical surface modification

other chemical surface modification methods since it does not involve too many complex and complicated synthetic processes or procedures. On the other hand, a major disadvantage is the thickness and density inhomogeneity of the grafted layers because the process is self-limiting.[5e] At present, the “graftingto” approach is very common in the application of polymeric biomaterials; for example, polymer brushes can be grafted onto different types of polymeric substrates to modify the biomaterial or mechanical properties of the substrates (Table 1). As stated previously, the advantages of the “grafting-to” approach over other techniques include the ability to characterize the structure of the grafting polymers and the convenience of the grafting operation. However, as the reaction progresses, the steric hindrance effect makes it difficult for