IntroductionModern agriculture larg

IntroductionModern agriculture largely depends on the use of fossil fuel based inputs, such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and labour saving but energy intensive farm machinery. While the applications of such high input technologies have undoubtedly increased production and labour efficiency. The use of pesticides has gone up 10 times since World War II but damage to crops by insect pest doubled. The residual amounts of these deadly pesticides on fruits and vegetables are harmful to humans when ingested. There is a growing concern over their adverse effects on soil productivity and environmental quality which is emerging to recognize that the farmer has a great social responsibility as a land owner than merely agribusiness considerations. There are several established approaches to ecofriendly farming systems. A common threat in all schools is an emphasis on biological systems to supply fertility and pest control rather than chemical inputs which has following impacts:1. Compaction of soil structure.2. Low organic matter content.3. Poor water holding capacity.4. Increase in salinity, sodicity and land submergence.5. Adverse effect on flora and fauna of soil.6. Deterioration in factor productivity.7. Problem associated with residual toxicity