More recently, targeted phenotypic culturing was used to identify sporulated bacteria by first preincubating faecal samples with ethanol to enrich the number of spores. This preincubation enabled the culture of 137 bacterial species, including 69 new bacterial taxa22. The authors found that ~55% of the bacterial genera in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals were able to produce resilient spores. In addition, they suggested that these bacteria were adapted to host-to-host transmission. This method was an interesting approach because, in contrast to culturomics, a single culture medium was inoculated.