(4) Webbing and Slings. Loops of tu

(4) Webbing and Slings. Loops of tubular webbing or cord, called slings or runners, are the simplest pieces of equipment and some of the most useful. The uses for these simple pieces are endless, and they are a critical link between the climber, the rope, carabiners, and anchors. Runners are usually made from either 9/16- or 1-inch tubular webbing and are either tied or sewn by a manufacturer. b. Carabiners. The carabiner is one of the most versatile pieces of equipment available in the mountains. This simple piece of gear is the critical connection between the climber, his rope, and the protection attaching him to the mountain. New metal alloys are stronger to hold hard falls; and, they are lighter than steel, which allows the Ranger to carry many at once. Consequently, steel carabiners are used less and less often. Basic carabiners come in several different shapes.