The efficacy of fluorouracil chemoradiotherapy followed byTME and perioperative mFOLFOX6 with or without radiotherapyfor patients with LARC was compared in this phase III study.Hence, three regimens were included in this trial.Radiotherapy was delivered at 1.8–2.0 Gy/day with five fractions per week for a total of 23–28 fractions over 5–6 weeks anda total dose of 46.0–50.4 Gy. Surgery was performed 6–8 weeksafter completing of radiation. Patients were randomly assignedto receive preoperative treatment with five cycles of deGramont regimen with concurrent radiotherapy during cycles2–4 and post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy with sevencycles of fluorouracil (fluorouracil-radiotherapy group). Patientsin the mFOLFOX6-radiotherapy group received mFOLFOX6 forfive cycles with concurrent radiotherapy during cycles 2–4 andadjuvant treatment with seven cycles of mFOLFOX6. Anothergroup received mFOLFOX6 alone for four to six cycles and six toeight cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy.