Symptoms caused by the near organs or tissue involved by
tumor
(1). Hoarseness.
(2). Horner’s syndrome. It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia, on the involved side the pupil is small, ptosis of the up eyelids, retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
(3). Superior vena caval syndrome.
(4). Pleural effusion due to invasion of the pleura.