Action plan, also called action program, refers to a sequence of steps that must be taken, or activities that must be performed well, to complete a project or an objective. An action plan should be SMART,namely, “specific”, “measurable”, “achievable / attainable”, “relevant / realistic” and “timed / time based / time bound”. It has three major elements:(1) specific tasks: what will be done and by whom; (2) time horizon: when it will be done; (3) resource allocation(分配): what specific funds are available for specific activities. Tips to create an effective action plan: • List all the things that will have to be done. Put them in a logical sequence. For example, what has to be done first, then what, and so on. • Work out how long each task will take. This will enable you to work out how long the project will take. • Starting at the end of the project and working backwards, you can decide when each activity will take place.