In this review, we highlighted the main BA receptors present in the brain and the impact of BAs on brain functionand neurological disorders. Besides FXR and TGR5, alsoS1PR2, NMDAR and GABAAR are well-studied BA regulated receptors in the brain (Schubring et al. 2012). Interestingly, while BA-activation of FXR is important to maintainnormal cognitive function and motor coordination (Huanget al. 2015), activation of TGR5 induces key anti-inflammatory pathways (McMillin et al. 2015a, b). On the other hand,BA-activation of S1PR2 seems to an have opposite effect,inducing the deterioration of neural function. Finally, onsetand progression of several neurological disorders have beenassociated with dysregulation of NMDA and GABA receptor activity, and both these receptors are regulated by BAs.Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that BAs arecritical neuroactive regulators of brain activity and function.